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Why is female runners more evenly paced than male runners?
Based on research on thousands of runners, scientists have found that in marathons, women are more evenly paced than men. This result provides unexpected insights: some are due to physical and emotional differences between male and female runners, and others are changes in the pace of their own when both men and women notice other runners. .
Those who have traversed or seen marathons know that it is wise to maintain a steady pace in the game. People who start too fast usually tend to slow down as the game progresses. They may even start walking or numb their legs.
Many small studies and observations have also proved that men are more impulsive than women. However, no large-scale research on marathon runners has confirmed this situation.
However, researchers at several U.S. universities have jointly conducted a survey. They collected racer data for about 14 marathons. These competitions include well-known events such as the Chicago Marathon and the Disney Marathon and smaller events. The competition conditions also cover many situations from warm to cold, from mountains to plains.
The researchers surveyed about 91,929 marathon runners, of whom almost 42% were women. The data includes all adult age groups and a very wide finish time.
Then they compared the time of the first and second half of each runner to determine their pace. If someone has almost the same time before and after half time, it means that their pace is relatively uniform and there is almost no deceleration. (Only a few people are faster in the second half than in the first half, and they use negative deceleration.)
As a result, it was found that male runners significantly slowed down more than female runners. Overall, the male runner was about 16% slower in the latter half of the first half. Women are about 12% slower.
To dig deeper data, scientists classify runners who are at least 30% slower in the second half of the first half as "significant deceleration." Specifically, a runner who ran for 2 hours in the first half and 2 hours and 36 minutes later in the second half was considered to be “significantly deceleratedâ€.
Comparing this data, the number of male runners significantly slowed down more than women, with 14% of men falling into this category, compared with only 5% of females.
The researchers found that there was an inconsistent pace of pace among all age groups and finish times, even among the fastest running runners. However, the most obvious difference is in the backward large forces. There, women runners tend to stay the same, less hastily paced than men.
Researchers also want to know what impact the runner's experience has on pace. So they called the historical data of 2929 runners collected from a public database. After studying their marathon experience, they found that even if they had had many marathon race experiences, compared with their female runners with the same experience, the male runners may still have a slower future than the future.
The study did not determine why men's runners were decelerating more often in the late course, but the main author of the study, Sandra Hunter, a sports science professor at Marquette University, believes that the reasons may come from both physical and psychological aspects.
"At any given exercise intensity, men have a higher proportion of carbohydrates consumed as energy than women," said Sandra. Women use more fat. In males and females, the fat content is greater than the stored glycogen content. "Therefore, men are usually older than women running out of fuel or hitting the wall."
In addition, Sandra also believes that men are more psychologically inclined to use the "risk strategy" of quick start. "They start quickly and they just want to stick with it." But what is interesting is that this strategy can sometimes improve overall performance, provided that the runner does not disastrously overestimate his ability.
Similarly, a uniform pace is not necessarily a good pace, "If you run slower than you can actually run."
The final message of this research is that it may be more ideal for women to learn marathon speeding. Sandra said that in training "maybe you can run harder than you think." You have to calibrate your actual fastest to take the pace. Then keep the pace in the game, even if your training partner starts to run like a rabbit, you can finally catch up with them.